基于Excel和VBA的汽轮机排汽焓求解

热力性能测试和计算是火电机组热经济性分析的基础,其中排汽焓的确定不容忽视。在分析比较目前各种在线和离线计算方法的基础上,介绍了利用Excel的矩阵函数,配合少量VBA代码,快速求解汽轮机排汽焓的具体方法。该方法以汽轮机及回热系统能量平衡为基础,遵循GB 8117-1987要求并参考ASME PTC6-1996规范。实例计算表明,该方法编程简单,计算快速,可满足汽轮机热力性能试验报告等的需要。     

台风型风电机组塔架轻量化设计研究

目的实现台风型风电机组塔架的轻量化设计。方法对风电机组台风环境载荷工况和台风期运行控制策略进行研究,提出在基于GB/T 31519—2015《台风型风力发电机组》的台风型风电机组基础上,开发台风控制策略,使机组在台风期间持续处于对风状态。结果利用BLADED软件计算机组各关键部位的载荷,结果表明,台风控制策略降低了23.5%的机组塔基载荷,重新设计塔架,塔架质量降低了13%,实现了塔架轻量化设计,单个风电场节省约416万元,具有很好的经济效益。通过机组现场实测,在摩羯台风期间,采用台风控制策略的台风型风电机组塔基载荷,Mxy理论仿真值与实测值的相关性达94.1%,高度一致。结论验证了理论仿真计算的准确性和轻量化塔架应用的可行性,助力于我国风力发电行业沿海地区及海上型风力发电机组的发展。     

紫外辐射(UV-BC)对47种植物叶片的表观伤害效应

采用叶片实验法研究了模拟紫外辐射(UV-BC)胁迫对47种植物叶片伤斑面积、叶绿素含量的影响.实验结果表明,叶片伤害面积和叶绿素含量的变化与紫外辐射剂量[辐射强度(T_n)×辐射时间(d)]成正相关关系.实验确定了47种植物的紫外辐射伤害阈值,并根据叶片伤害值对植物抗紫外辐射能力进行了排序.     

低热值煤气燃气发电在济钢发电工程中的应用

介绍了冶金企业高炉冶炼副产品高炉煤气的一种高效回收利用途径，并简要介绍了济钢新建燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电工程工艺流程。阐明了燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电的高效经济性，是钢铁企业回收利用低热值燃料的一种最佳方法。     

风力发电机振动与噪声测试及其减噪方法研究

本文简要介绍了风力发电机的结构和工作原理,以及风力发电机振动和噪声的危害。根据发电机振动与噪声的发生机理和产生规律,本文制定相应实验方案对其进行测试,得出风力发电机的振动与噪声主要是风机的机械振动与空气动力学（旋转噪声和涡流）噪声,进而提出了降低风力发电机振动与噪声的方法为主动控制（风轮平衡与阻尼减振降噪控制）及被动控制（吸声）,为研究开发低噪声风力发电机提供理论基础。     

基于多尺度排列熵和极限学习机的风机叶片覆冰故障检测方法*

针对风机叶片结冰故障检测中状态数据维度高和检测率低的问题,提出1种使用功率数据驱动的多尺度排列熵（multiscale permutation entropy,MPE）和极限学习机（extreme learning machine,ELM）的风机叶片结冰故障检测方法。首先,使用多尺度排列熵提取功率数据的多重尺度特征,得到特征向量;随后,采用极限学习机,结合环境温度,对结冰故障进行检测;最后,通过使用某风电场的数据采集与监视控制系统（supervisory control and data acquisition,SCADA）对数据进行仿真。研究结果表明:所提方法的故障检测率达到100％,同时虚警率仅有0.14％,表明所提方法在风机叶片的覆冰故障检测中的有效性。研究结果可为风机叶片覆冰故障检测提供1种有效方法。     

SALMONID SMOLT SURVIVAL RELATIVE TO TURBINE EFFICIENCY AND ENTRAINMENT DEPTH IN HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION1

ABSTRACT: The hypotheses that fish survival probabilities may be lower (1) at less than peak operating turbine efficiency; (2) at deeper entrainment depth; and (3) with the deployment of extended‐length intake guidance screens, are not supported by results on yearling chinook salmon smolts (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) at Lower Granite Dam, Snake River, Washington. Estimated 96 h survival probabilities for the six test conditions ranged from 0.937 to 0.972, with the highest survival at turbine operating towards the lower end of its efficiency. A blanket recommendation to operate all Kaplan type turbines within ± 1 percent of their peak efficiency appears too restrictive. Cavitation mode survival (0.946) was comparable to that at peak operating efficiency mode (0.937), as was the survival between upper (0.947) and mid depths (0.937). Survival differed only slightly among three turbine intake bays at the same depth (0.937 to 0.954), most likely due to differential flow distribution. Extended‐length intake fish guidance screens did not reduce survival. However, the sources of injury somewhat differed with depth; probable pressure and shear‐related injuries were common on fish entrained at mid‐depth, and mechanically‐induced injuries were common at upper depth. Operating conditions that reduce turbulence within the turbine environment may enhance fish survival; however, controlled experiments that integrate turbine flow physics and geometry and the path entrained fish traverse are needed to develop specific guidance to further enhance fish passage survival.